How does the Pascal language support the Microsoft .NET platform?

From time to time, I receive questions from Pascal programming language fans in relation to the .NET platform. I use mainly C# for .NET related work (but not excluding VB.NET and F#), and previously, I've used a lot of Delphi. Originally, Delphi (now from Embarcadero, but previously from Borland) included support for .NET, but that support was removed around 2010.

So, can developers today use Pascal language to write .NET applications? At least one solution is available, called PascalABC.NET. This product originates from Russia, and is a free product with the LGPL license.