Which built-in tasks are available in Team Foundation Server and VSTS?

Build automation being able to test and package your application is an important part of modern software development. Microsoft has great support for build automation in both the on-premises Team Foundation Server (TFS) and the online Visual Studio Team Services (VSTS).

However, when you are just starting up, the question often is: what tasks am I able to run directly on TFS and/or VSTS? Microsoft has developed over 80 built-in tasks, that range from basic script execution and file copy and more advanced operations like NuGet package delivery, Xamarin builds, digital signing, and so on.

For many situations, I've found that the build-in tasks can already get you far. If not, remember to also check the marketplace whether there would a ready-made task to support your needs. If not, you can always craft your PowerShell scripts to do anything you need.